T. Banks et Jm. Dabbs, SALIVARY TESTOSTERONE AND CORTISOL IN A DELINQUENT AND VIOLENT URBAN SUBCULTURE, The Journal of social psychology, 136(1), 1996, pp. 49-56
Salivary testosterone and cortisol levels were measured in 36 U.S. col
lege students and 29 delinquent participants of a similar age. Both gr
oups of participants were made up of White men and women. The delinque
nt group, which was characterized by flamboyant dress, drug use, and v
iolence, had significantly higher testosterone levels than the college
students did, but the two groups did not differ regarding cortisol le
vels. Testosterone and cortisol were positively correlated in the wome
n.