THE EFFECTS OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION ON MATERNAL-INFANT INTERACTION -A METAANALYSIS

A meta-analysis of 19 studies was conducted to determine the magnitude of the effect of postpartum depression on maternal-infant interaction during the first year after delivery. Maternal-infant interaction was divided into three subcategories. maternal interactive behavior, infa nt interactive behavior, and dyadic interactive behavior. Substantive, methodological, and miscellaneous variables were extracted and coded by both the researcher and two research assistants. Combinations were calculated as unweighted, weighted by sample size, and weighted by the quality index score. Effects for maternal interactive behavior ranged from .32 to .36 for the r index, .68 to .78 for the d index, and .33 to .38 for the Fisher's Z. For infant interactive behavior; effects ra nged from .35 to .38, .75 to .83, and .37 to .41 for the r, d, and Fis her's Z indexes, respectively. Effects for dyadic interactive behavior ranged from .47 to .50 for the r index, 1.07 to 1.15 for the d index, and .51 to .55 for Fisher's Z. Results of the meta analysis indicate that postpartum depression has a moderate to large effect on maternal- infant interaction. Nursing interventions for depressed mother-infant dyads during the first year after delivery are addressed.