It has been proposed that prenatal testosterone (T) may contribute to
the development of hand preference and cerebral functional asymmetry i
n humans. To investigate any persisting association between T and asym
metry in adulthood, left-handed (LH) and right-handed (RH) men and wom
en were administered a hand preference questionnaire and the Fused Dic
hotic Words Test. Testosterone was measured in samples of saliva. Resu
lts showed that LH subjects of both sexes had lower salivary T concent
rations than their RH counterparts. Among LH males, subjects with a ri
ght-ear advantage in dichotic listening tended to have lower T concent
rations than subjects with a left-ear advantage. These results are con
sistent with the notion that T may be involved in the development of h
and preference and cerebral functional asymmetry.