Bi. Cohen et al., IMPLICIT-MOMENT, PARTIALLY LINEARIZED PARTICLE SIMULATION OF KINETIC PLASMA PHENOMENA, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 53(3), 1996, pp. 2708-2716
An algorithm for kinetic simulation of electron and ion plasmas is int
roduced that combines both implicit and perturbative methods to deal e
fficiently with disparate time scales and signal-to-noise issues assoc
iated with particle discreteness. The algorithm is introduced for an e
lectrostatic model in a strong magnetic field with gyrokinetic ions an
d drift-kinetic electrons. Some of the numerical dispersion properties
are analyzed and confirmed in test simulations. Two-dimensional appli
cations of the algorithm to drift-wave instabilities excited either by
an ion temperature gradient (ion-temperature-gradient instability) or
by electron inverse Landau damping in the presence of a density gradi
ent (collisionless drift instability) are presented that illustrate th
e usefulness of the method. Clear gains in resolution and computationa
l efficiency over previous methods are achieved.