The toxic shock syndrome, septic shock, pulmonary oedema, and the acut
e respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were recognised in four childre
n with bacterial tracheitis. ARDS has not previously been reported in
association with bacterial tracheitis. Prompt recognition of the sever
e systemic complications of bacterial tracheitis could lead to a decre
ase in the morbidity and mortality of this condition.