Urologic manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 are rare. The most
common urologic area of involvement has been the urinary bladder. Pro
state involvement in generalized neurofibromatosis has been noted prev
iously in only 10 patients, 3 of whom were adults. Of these 3, 1 had a
neurofibroma, 1 had a malignant schwannoma, and 1 patient died before
tissue diagnosis could be obtained. The patient discussed in this rep
ort is the second known adult patient with biopsy-proven neurofibroma
of the prostate gland. In addition, this is the first reported use of
endorectal magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate to localize and
specify the extent of neurofibromas in these patients.