Microbial aggregation into good settling sludge is essential for the w
ell-functioning of activated sludge systems treating waste water. Comp
lete aggregation of all the microbial biomass formed has been proven t
o be difficult to maintain continuously, resulting in wash-out of susp
ended solids. This review investigates the possibility that environmen
tal signals could constitute triggers for the induction or stimulation
of aggregative physiology.