This paper examines the current rates of STDs and unsafe sexual behavi
our among young Australian women, and reviews the literature which has
attempted to explain the ways in which young women's constructions of
sexuality influence their safe sex behaviours. It is argued that, whi
le gender inequalities remain central to young women's heterosexual ex
periences, ethnicity, class, religion, parents schools and peers all p
lay a role in shaping the meanings which they attach to sexual relatio
nships and safe sex. In addition, more recent research has highlighted
the importance of the different interactional contexts which either f
acilitate or inhibit women's safe sex practices. The implications for
safe sex education are discussed.