Brain structure in familial schizophrenia was studied with computerize
d tomography in 42 individuals from six multigenerational families. Su
lcal enlargement in the lateral temporal cortex, and ventricular and c
isternal enlargement in the medial temporal region were observed in ps
ychotic individuals compared to unaffected family members. Genetic fac
tors in familial schizophrenia may exert part of their effect through
determining or altering temporal lobe structure.