ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLACK SPRUCE (PICEA-MARIANA) -A REVIEW

This paper presents a literature review of black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill] BSP) ecophysiology concerning the response of net photosynthes is and stomata to changes in environmental factors. Current knowledge on root growth, mineral nutrition and response to high temperature, CO 2 enrichment and climate change, frosts, water stress and flooding are also covered. The review ends with an overview of stand establishment and field performance of planted seedlings. The authors highlight the need for research on the long-term effects of multiple stresses, such as climate change and air pollution on the black spruce ecosystem.