Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the aorta developed in a 70-year-old
man 4 years after he had undergone repair of a type B aortic dissecti
on with Dacron graft interposition. The tumor surrounded the graft ext
ernally and involved the adventitia of the aorta near the proximal ana
stomosis. Clinically and radiologically it mimicked a pseudoaneurysm o
f the descending thoracic aorta. Primary aortic sarcomas are extremely
uncommon and only rarely reported in association with prior aortic gr
aft insertion.