This paper reports on a case of spasmodic torticollis after long-term
treatment with neuroleptics. This form of dystonia is called tardive d
ystonia to distinguish it from tardive dyskinesia. Its pathophysiology
is unknown. Pathological changes are described in the basal ganglia.
Increased signal was found on magnetic resonance imaging on both sides
of the basal ganglia reflecting structural lesions. These structural
changes, together with neuroleptic medication, represent predisposing
factors for the manifestation of tardive dystonia.