The treatment rationale of a burn victim (35% TBSA) who was child of J
ehova's witnesses is described. Following a combined approach includin
g erythropoetin and blood saving surgical techniques we were able to e
xcise and graft the burn areas without blood transfusion. An extremely
low hemoglobin of 3.4 g/dl was tolerated postoperatively and showed a
n increase to 10.9 g/dl 25 days later when the child was dismissed fro
m the burn unit in stable condition. Possibilities to minimize blood l
oss and to avoid blood transfusions are discussed.