Cn. Xu et K. Miyazaki, THERMAL INCORPORATION OF EXTERNAL OXYGEN INTO EMD-DERIVED MANGANESE OXIDES, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 141(12), 1994, pp. 3343-3346
Oxygen incorporation into electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD)-derived
manganese oxides has been systematically investigated by x-ray diffra
ction, chemical analysis, thermal analysis, and temperature programmed
desorption tech niques, and compared with MnCO3-derived oxides. It ha
s been found that the stability of Mn3O4 is quite different depending
on the EMD starting material and on how it was treated. EMD-derived Mn
3O4, can be classified into three types in terms of the behavior of th
e thermal incorporation of external oxygen. All MnCO3 derivatives and
EMD derivatives with a low calcination temperature belong to Mn3O4-Typ
e I, which undergoes oxidation in the temperature range of 570 to 900
degrees C when calcined in air. On the other hand, Type II-Mn2O3 sampl
es calcined at a high temperature are thermally stable alone, but beco
me oxidizable in the presence of EMD Mn2O3. The others belong to Mn3O4
-Type III, which is thermally stable regardless of the presence of ENT
D.