HIGH-FIELD EFFECTS USEFUL FOR ATOMIC MANIPULATIONS

Using scanning tunneling microscope (STM), surface atoms can now be ma nipulated at one's will. The effects most conveniently used for atomic manipulation are produced by the high electric field established betw een the tip and the sample in the STM either by the application of a v oltage pulse or a voltage bias. We review here some of our recent stud ies aimed to find new methods for atomic manipulation as well as to un derstand the basic principles of different atomic manipulation techniq ues.