TPS levels were determined in the serum and urine of 136 Egyptian pati
ents with infiltrating bladder cancer and compared with the levels in
45 normal controls and 45 patients with urinary tract Bilharziasis. At
95% specificity the sensitivy in bladder cancer patients in serum and
urine was 34.6% and 96.3%, respectively. Elevated TPS levels did not
correlate with histological type, staging, grade, lymph node involveme
nt or Bilharziasis. The determination of urinary TPS could probably be
a useful tool in the follow-up of patients with superficial transitio
nal cell carcinoma of the bladder. This urine test is less invasive an
d cheaper than cystoscopy and could, eventually, in combination with c
ytological examination of the urine, indicate the need of less frequen
t cystoscopy.