Objective To assess the incidence of urological pathology in a group o
f patients referred for the investigation of haematuria and whose symp
toms had resolved at the time of investigation. Patients and methods T
he results from examination of 395 patients attending for investigatio
n of haematuria were analysed. The group comprised 198 men and 197 wom
en with a mean age of 51 years (range 19-73). Results In 220 patients
(56%) no evidence of haematuria was detected despite its diagnosis in
all patients at the time of referral. One-hundred and thirteen patient
s (51%) without detectable haematuria had urological pathology and 16
of these (14%) had an underlying malignancy in the urinary tract. Conc
lusion Repeat urine analysis to determine whether haematuria persists
has been considered as a way to define a high risk group which require
s urgent investigation. Our results clearly indicate that the finding
of haematuria, even in one urine specimen, warrants full urological as
sessment.