Medical records of 15 dogs with vaginal septa, examined between April
1983 and December 1992, were reviewed. Overall prevalence of vaginal s
eptation at the hospital during the study period was 0.03%. Thirteen b
reeds were represented; mean age at the time of initial examination wa
s 2.4 years. Owners' original complaints included inability to breed n
aturally, dysuria, urinary incontinence, infertility, recurrent vagini
tis, ambiguous external genitalia, and dystocia. One dog did not have
clinical signs associated with the vaginal septum. In 11 of the 15 dog
s, the septum could be palpated during digital vaginal examination. Th
e septum could be seen in 6 of the 7 dogs in which vaginoscopy was per
formed. Twelve of the 15 dogs underwent positive-contrast vaginography
; in all 12, the septum could be easily seen. Four of the 15 dogs unde
rwent removal of the septum, with or without episiotomy, and 4 others
were ovariohysterectomized. One dog was bred by means of artificial in
semination and became pregnant. The remaining 6 dogs were lost to foll
ow-up.