Background. Most studies of chronic benzodiazepine users consider sele
cted populations which may be unrepresentative. This study was underta
ken to examine possible differences between groups. Method. Subjects c
hosen were benzodiazepine users in general practice, a hospital clinic
, and attending TRANX trials. Descriptive data were collected on chara
cteristics and outcome. Results. TRANX trial patients had the best out
come (P=0.027). Hospital cases used high doses of anxiolytic benzodiaz
epines; concomitant mental disorder, including schizophrenia, was comm
on. General practice cases were order and mainly used hypnotics (P<0.0
5). Conclusions. Because groups of benzodiazepine users are different,
there cannot be one single management approach. Cases require individ
ual medical assessment.