Ah. Devries et al., IMPLEMENTATION OF REACTION FIELD METHODS IN QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY COMPUTER CODES, Journal of computational chemistry, 16(1), 1995, pp. 37-55
The embedding of a quantum mechanically described subsystem by classic
al representations of its surroundings is reviewed. The choices for a
distributed monopole representation and a distributed (group) polariza
bility representation, as well as the continuum approach to model bulk
effects, are discussed. Focus is on the practical implementation of t
he classical description in quantum chemistry codes (in particular, HO
NDO8.1). Expressions are given for the self-consistent coupling betwee
n the classical partitions (dipole polarizabilities and boundary surfa
ce dipoles and charges) and for the coupling between classical and qua
ntum partitions. The latter is mediated through expanded, rather than
exact, potentials and fields. In this way, the computation of only a l
imited number of formal interactions between unit charge distributions
located at the expansion centers suffices to evaluate the reaction fi
eld contributions. The electronic part of the coupling can be included
in the Hamiltonian via the Fock matrix. The field operators, as well
as the one- and two-electron matrix elements over the basis functions,
are simple. The expressions for these are given explicitly. Nonequili
brium potentials and Monte Carlo sampling over classical degrees of fr
eedom have been added to better mimic experimental conditions. (C) 199
5 by John Wiley and Sons, Inc.