AIDS may be caused by two different retroviruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Hit
herto only HIV-1 has been reported in Israel. We recently discovered H
IV-2 as a solitary pathogen in the blood of two foreign workers from W
est Africa. In view of the relative ease of travel to Israel, it is es
sential to perform screening for both HIV viruses in all subjects with
an enhanced risk including visitors from countries with a high incide
nce of HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection and their contacts.