J. Rasbash et H. Goldstein, EFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF MIXED HIERARCHICAL AND CROSS-CLASSIFIED RANDOM STRUCTURES USING A MULTILEVEL MODEL, Journal of educational and behavioral statistics, 19(4), 1994, pp. 337-350
An efficient and straightforward procedure is described for specifying
and estimating parameters of general mixed models which contain both
hierarchical and crossed random factors. This is done using a model fo
rmulated for purely hierarchically structured data and generalizes the
results of Raudenbush (1993). The exposition is for the continuous re
sponse linear model with natural extensions to generalized linear; non
linear; and multivariate models.