COGNITION, STUDY HABITS, TEST ANXIETY, AND ACADEMIC-PERFORMANCE

The Study Management and Academic Results Test (SMART) was developed t o measure study- and examination-related cognitions, time management, and study strategies. This questionnaire was used in three prospective studies, together with measures for optimism and test anxiety. In the first two studies, done among 253 first-year students enrolled in fou r different faculties, the highest significant correlations with acade mic performance were found for the SMART scales. In a replication stud y among first-year medical students (n = 156) at a different universit y, the same pattern of results was observed. A stepwise multiple regre ssion analysis, with academic performance as a dependent variable, sho wed significant correlations only for the SMART Test Competence and Ti me Management (Multiple R = .61). Results give specific indications ab out the profile of successful students.