Rm. Goodwin et al., EFFECT OF FEEDING POLLEN SUBSTITUTES TO HONEY-BEE COLONIES USED FOR KIWIFRUIT POLLINATION AND HONEY PRODUCTION, New Zealand journal of crop and horticultural science, 22(4), 1994, pp. 459-462
Feeding pollen substitutes to honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in k
iwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) orchards had no significant effect on t
he amount of kiwifruit pollen collected, but caused a decline in the a
mount of pollen collected from other sources. Pollen substitutes had n
o significant effect on honey production from colonies used for kiwifr
uit pollination or colonies managed solely for honey production.