A case is presented in which a horizontal root fracture of the mesiobu
ccal root of a maxillary first molar was diagnosed as the source of a
patient's chronic pain. Horizontal root fractures are rare in posterio
r teeth. The source of the fracture was determined to be trauma from a
ccess or curettage during two Caldwell-Luc sinus procedures. A detaile
d history and endodontic retreatment led to the diagnosis. A mesiobucc
al root resection resolved the chronic pain.