MORPHOLOGY OF SWEAT GLANDS IN DETERMINING TIME OF DEATH

This study demonstrates post-mortem autolytic alterations in the skin at cellular and subcellular levels and identifies parameters which may assist in determining the time of death in the first few hours post-m ortem. Serial skin samples from the ventral surface of the arm were ta ken at intervals of 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after death in 29 subjects of var ious ages, with no signs of skin disease; causes of death were various . Three types of tests were performed: cytochemical (hematoxylin-eosin and alcian-PAS), immunohistochemical (S-100, CEA, Cytokeratin, ASM) a nd ultrastructural (electron microscopy). Electron miscroscopy proved useful for identifying transformations which were found to be specific for each chronological step considered: reduction of intracellular gl ycogen in clear cells and reduction of secretory granules in dark cell s are typical signs of the first stage (3 h) after death; mitochondria l dilatation and rarefaction of cristae in clear and dark cells are ty pical of the second stage (6 h); rarefaction of microvilli in dark and clear cells is a sign of the last stage (12 h). Cytochemistry and imm unohistochemistry supply useful information - not for all the chronolo gical stage considered here, but for individual phases (3 h for hemato xylin-eosin and 6 h for alcian-PAS). However, it is particularly impor tant to use the results from all such techniques simultaneously, so th at the question of the exact time of death within the first 12 h post- mortem may be more accurately answered.