Jh. Lange et Kw. Thomulka, SAMPLING AND EVALUATION OF SOIL FOR LEAD CONTAMINATION - CRITERIA FORDETERMINING PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL, Fresenius environmental bulletin, 3(12), 1994, pp. 751-756
Lead abatement is arising in the United States as a new industry. Trad
itionally, sampling and abatement of indoor surfaces were considered t
he primary mechanism of reducing and evaluating exposure to lead-conta
minated materials. Recent studies have suggested that soil containing
high concentrations of lead represent an important source of exposure.
The first step in determining the relevance of lead in soil is to tes
t and evaluate this medium. A review and discussion of the permissible
lead levels described in various state regulations for soil are prese
nted in this paper. Risk assessment data are presented for soil lead r
anging from 100 to 1,000 ppm using no cover, partial cover and full co
ver in determining the contributory concentration to the receptor. Con
cepts used in evaluating sample results are briefly discussed.