I. Badenhausser, SPATIAL PATTERNS OF ALATE AND APTEROUS MORPHS OF THE BRACHYCAUDUS-HELICHRYSI (HOMOPTERA, APHIDIDAE) IN SUNFLOWER FIELDS, Environmental entomology, 23(6), 1994, pp. 1381-1390
Spatial patterns of leaf-curling plum aphid, Brachycaudus helichrysi,
aggregates and alate colonization of sunflower fields were studied ove
r several years. Monte Carlo test procedures, based on indices of aggr
egation and spatial autocorrelation statistics, were used for spatial
data analysis. In most cases, neighboring plants were colonized and in
fested independently. Over large areas, spatial structures could exist
but temporal changes in spatial patterns from week to week were often
observed for alatae as well as for apterae. Heterogeneity in plant de
velopment seemed to be of importance for alate landing, apterous multi
plication, and their spatial patterns. The implications for pest manag
ement and sampling are discussed.