E. Buhrig et al., UNDOPED GAAS GROWN BY THE VERTICAL GRADIENT FREEZE METHOD - GROWTH AND PROPERTIES, Materials science & engineering. B, Solid-state materials for advanced technology, 28(1-3), 1994, pp. 87-90
Undoped GaAs crystals were grown by the vertical gradient freeze techn
ique in a multizone furnace. By optimization of the growth equipment a
nd the thermodynamic conditions, crystals were obtained with a low den
sity of microdefects and dislocations (etch pits density about 10(3) c
m(-2)) as wells as semi-insulating behaviour. Residual impurities and
defect levels were investigated by optical (local vibrational-mode and
IR absorption) and Hall effect measurements.