Jr. West et al., FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME - THE VULNERABILITY OF THE DEVELOPING BRAIN AND POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF DAMAGE, Metabolic brain disease, 9(4), 1994, pp. 291-322
Fetal alcohol exposure has multiple deleterious effects on brain devel
opment, and represents a leading known cause of mental retardation. Th
is review of the effects of alcohol exposure on the developing brain e
valuates results from human, animal and in vitro studies, but focuses
on key research issues, including possible mechanisms of damage. Facto
rs that affect the risk and severity of fetal alcohol damage also are
considered.