Compared with other nosocomial infections, transfusion-associated infe
ctious risks are of minor relevance in the Federal Republic of Germany
today. The actual spectrum of measures for an optimal degree of safet
y of blood components comprises a careful donor selection, highly sens
itive and specific screening assays for viral parameters, inactivation
and quarantine procedures for plasmatic preparations. Further possibl
e improvements, both in the blood bank and clinical setting are discus
sed with regard to the inevitable residual risks of hemotherapy.