The notion of psychological evolution has a twofold usefulness from an
interbehavioral perspective. First, it brings up to discussion the co
nceptual problem about different functional levels in individual devel
opment and the related transition processes to be taken into account.
Secondly, it leads to the empirical identification of the various beha
vioral competences involved in those transition processes. When identi
fying any kind of psychological interaction, it is necessary to consid
er three aspects: a) the morphology of both, behavior and the environm
ent; b) the functional organization of the interaction; and, c) the ef
fectiveness criteria regulating interaction performance. This paper ex
amines the relationship between these three aspects in the development
of competence as a basic dimension of psychological evolution. The id
entification of competence has practical implications for the improvem
ent of education, and very specially in the teaching of scientific act
ivities.