Surface physics is a thrust area of research in almost all technologic
ally developed countries not only because it has enabled us to probe b
asic physical and chemical interactions existing in various two-dimens
ional (2D) systems, surface physics has also opened up exciting opport
unities to study surfaces and interfaces of materials which are techno
logically important, To understand the nature of surfaces and interfac
es, it is important to study its structure in atomic length scale, Two
new techniques having atomic resolution, developed recently, to study
surface structure, namely grazing incidence X-ray scattering and scan
ning probe microscopy (SPM), has changed our level of understanding. W
e shall discuss the merit of these two complementary techniques, which
we are setting up in Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP). This f
acility will be first of its kind in our country.