THE OCCURRENCE OF THIABENDAZOLE-RESISTANT ISOLATES OF POLYSCYTALUM PUSTULANS AND HELMINTHOSPORIUM-SOLANI ON SEED POTATO-TUBERS IN RELATION TO FUNGICIDE TREATMENT AND STORAGE

Tubers infected with thiabendazole-sensitive isolates of Polyscytalum pustulans and Helminthosporium solani were treated annually for 4 year s with benomyl, thiabendazole or a formulated mixture of thiabendazole and imazalil, and grown at three farms in Scotland. The proportion of thiabendazole-resistant isolates of H. solani increased, and isolates producing black colonies became more common with successive annual ap plications of thiabendazole or benomyl. Silver scurf was not reduced a fter three annual applications. When these fungicides were applied onc e to untreated seed the incidence of resistant isolates of H. solani w as much less in 1988 than in 1991 when tubers had been grown on farms for 3 years from untreated seed. The proportion of resistant isolates of P. pustulans increased with the number of successive applications o f thiabendazole or benomyl but at differing rates on each farm. At one farm, skin spot was not reduced by three annual applications of these fungicides whereas at the other farms it was reduced by 90-100% by fo ur annual applications. A smaller proportion of resistant isolates of P. pustulans and H. solani was obtained after applying the mixture of thiabendazole and imazalil than after benomyl or thiabendazole alone. Their occurrence was not related to the number of fungicide applicatio ns. The mixture also reduced both diseases by more than 75% over the 4 years. At one farm where resistant isolates of H. solani were present , tubers were infected when stored on trays but not when stored in bag s.