LICE AND CONTROL METHODS

The morphology and biology of sucking lice (Anoplura) and biting lice (Mallophaga) are described. A table shows the main species for given h osts and provides simplified keys for identification. Lice have a dire ct pathogenic effect (damage to skin and cutaneous appendages, fall in productivity) and an indirect effect (transmission of Rickettsia prow azeki, R. quintana and Borrelia recurrentis in human beings; African a nd classical swine fever virus, equine infectious anaemia virus and Di pylidium caninum in animals). Control methods, current active insectic ides (and those being tested) and appropriate formulations are outline d.