M. Engelbach et al., SYNTHESIS OF ANNULATED 7-AZA-INDOLIZINES BY INTRAMOLECULAR [3+2]CYCLOADDITION WITH PYRAZINIUM DICYANOMETHYLIDES, Heterocycles, 40(1), 1995, pp. 69-72
Thermally induced intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of the
pyrazinium dicyanomethylides (2, 9, and 15), carrying different side c
hains with terminal alkynes as dipolarophiles, lead to the novel fused
7-aza-indolizines (6, 11, 12, and 18) in high yields. In a combined i
nter/intramolecular cycloaddition the dicyanomethylide (15b) surprisin
gly furnishes the bimolecular adduct (20) besides the desired tricycle
(19).