Av. Cheprakov et al., PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CARBONYLATION OF IODOARENES IN AQUEOUS SOLUBILIZED SYSTEMS, Journal of organometallic chemistry, 486(1-2), 1995, pp. 297-300
Iodobenzene and substituted iodobenzenes can be easily carbonylated in
to benzoic acids under mild conditions, with simple palladium salts as
catalysts and normal pressure of CO, by using aqueous microemulsions
of the oil-in-water kind as the reaction media. Surfactants of all thr
ee kinds, anionic, nonionic, and cationic, and simple aliphatic alcoho
ls can be used to form the microemulsion media for carbonylation. The
use of nonionic surfactants, the derivatives of polyethyleneglycol, is
the most advantageous method as the surfactant is highly efficient in
small amounts without a cosurfactant because of its strong solubilizi
ng ability.