The general objective is the study, through scientific approaches, of
the main components of immunological risks Linked to red blood cell tr
ansfusions, as well as their consequences, in order to define precise
rules for prevention, taking into account that 2 700 000 units were tr
ansfused in 1992. To reach this general aim, five intermediary objecti
ves have to be achieved: 1) The sentinel study of the methodology used
to collect information about transfusion accidents, as well as their
identification and their early clinical expression; 2) The analysis of
the occurrence mechanisms of incompatibilities and transfusion accide
nts; 3) The up-date definition of post-transfusion alloimmunization, i
n particular regarding 3 parameters: a) the immunogenicity of the diff
erent erythrocyte antigens, that will have to be reassessed; b) the mo
des of occurrence of post-transfusion anti-erythrocyte alloimmunizatio
n; c) the different types of chronology in the appearance and the pers
istence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies. 4) The search for significant
criteria in order to assess the immunopathological correlations of the
consequences of antigen-antibody conflicts; 5) The elaboration of the
principles for tests evaluation and identification of the techniques
linked to blood groups and the study of anti-erythrocyte antibodies.