With a presidential commitment to health care reform, advanced practic
e nurses (APNs) are challenged to rethink critical care for the growin
g number of premature infants born each year. Threats of shortened len
gths of stay force APNs to case manage the long-term needs of compromi
sed neonates in their homes and communities. Recent studies have shown
that earlier discharge from neonatal intensive care units with proper
home follow-up is not only cost saving, but is also safe and benefici
al to the infant and family. Further documentation is required to ensu
re that quality outcomes are not compromised in health care reform.