Sa. Lavender et al., THE EFFECTS OF LATERAL TRUNK BENDING ON MUSCLE RECRUITMENTS WHEN RESISTING NONSAGITTALLY SYMMETRICAL BENDING MOMENTS, Spine (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976), 20(2), 1995, pp. 184-190
Study Design. Surface electromyographic activities were measured in 15
subjects as they maintained a static laterally bent trunk posture and
resisted sagittally symmetric and asymmetric moments applied to their
torsos. The moment magnitudes were 20 and 40 Nm and had transverse pl
ane directional components in 30 degrees increments surrounding the su
bjects' torsos. Objectives. To quantify the myoelectric responses from
eight trunk muscles as asymmetric loads were applied to the laterally
bent torso. Summary of Background Data. Asymmetric material handling
frequently results in lateral bending of the torso. Each of these fact
ors have been linked via epidemiologic investigations to the incidence
of low back disorders. Little information is available that describes
the response of the trunk muscles when the trunk is bent to the side.
Methods. Subjects stood in a reference frame and adjusted their trunk
posture to marks on a video display that indicated when 20 degrees la
teral bend to the right had been achieved. Moments were applied to the
torso by connecting weights via cables and pulleys to a chest harness
. Electromyographic activities were recorded bilaterally from the erec
tor spinae, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominis, and external oblique m
uscles. Results. The electromyographic data indicated that the muscles
showed the greatest activity when they were in opposition to the appl
ied sagittal and frontal plane moments. The left external oblique show
ed the greatest response and was sensitive to the widest range of mome
nt direction conditions. All of the muscles, except for the left latis
simus dorsi, at times contributed antagonistic moments in the sagittal
plane or the frontal plane, or in both planes. These data were compar
ed with previously obtained data from an upright neutral posture. Conc
lusions. Statistical analyses indicated that the responses of both ext
ernal obliques and the left erector spinae to the moment direction con
ditions were significantly different between the laterally bent and ne
utral postures.