ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF TONSIL CENTROBLASTS WITH REFERENCE TO IG CLASS SWITCHING

Most tonsil B cells have high levels of surface CD44 but this molecule is either expressed at low levels or is absent from germinal centre a cells (GCB), On average 62% of isolated GCB were found to be CD44(-) and the remainder CD44(low). Most CD44(-) GCB were in cell cycle, indi cating that they were centroblasts, while centrocytes, non-dividing GC B, were mainly CD44(low). Immunohistological analysis confirms that ce ntrocytes, which are located in the right zone of germinal centres, ex press low levels of CD44, while centroblasts, cells of the dark zone, are CD44(-). While most CD77(high) GCB are centroblasts and CD77(low) GCB centrocytes, many centroblasts and centrocytes express intermediat e levels of CD77, making this less reliable than CD44 for discriminati ng between these cells. Most CD44(low) and CD44(-) GCB were shown to h ave undergone Ig switch recombination in vivo. This indicates that swi tch recombination is independent of the maturation of centroblasts to centrocytes and precedes the signals that induce GCB to differentiate to plasma cells or memory a cells. The average rate of entry of the CD 44(-) GCB fraction to apoptosis on culture at 37 degrees C was faster than that of the total GCB preparation. It is suggested that this may reflect strict stromal-dependence of centroblasts while centrocytes ha ve to survive for long enough to have the chance of receiving antigen- specific selection signals. Inhibition of apoptosis by CD40 mAb with I L-4 or phorbol myristate acetate with ionomycin was similar in the CD4 4(-) and CD44(low) preparations.