R. Jalkanen et al., THE USE OF NEEDLE-TRACE METHOD (NTM) IN RETROSPECTIVELY DETECTING LOPHODERMELLA NEEDLE-CAST EPIDEMIC, European journal of forest pathology, 24(6-7), 1994, pp. 376-385
The recently developed needle-trace method (NTM) was successfully used
to verify retrospectively the occurrence of a well-documented needle-
cast epidemic caused by Lophodermella sulcigena in the 5-year period o
f 1977-1981 in a stand of Pinus sylvestris.