Since the discovery of the thermal lens effect, several theoretical mo
dels have been put forward for cw-laser thermal lens spectrometry and
different expressions of the thermal lens signal have been derived for
various optical configurations including single-beam or dual-beam sit
uations. This review focuses primarily on the successive mathematical
expressions reported so far for both steady-state and time-reserved me
asurements, with the aim of comparing them in order to propose a singl
e and convenient relation that accurately accounts for the sensitivity
and the temporal behaviour of the thermal lens effect.