Magnetic resonance images of the lungs of a guinea pig have been produ
ced using hyperpolarized helium as the source of the MR signal. The re
sulting images are not yet sufficiently optimized to reveal fine struc
tural detail within the lung, but the spectacular signal from this nor
mally signal-deficient organ system offers great promise for eventual
in vivo imaging experiments. Fast 2D and 3D GRASS sequences with very
small flip angles were employed to conserve the nonrenewable longitudi
nal magnetization. We discuss various unique features associated with
performing MRI with hyperpolarized gases, such as the selection of the
noble gas species, polarization technique, and constraints on the MR
pulse sequence.