Existing methods for detection and identification of rhizobia are revi
ewed. Some perspectives for development of new and more effective tech
niques for monitoring of rhizobia in soil and in inoculants are presen
ted. The advantages of the recently developed approach - PCR-genome fi
ngerprinting, by use of arbitrary and repetitive primers, for precise
bacterial identification are described. The possible application of th
is technique for developing taxon-specific rhizobial probes for direct
detection of these bacteria in environmental samples is discussed.