EXACERBATION OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC MURINE TUBERCULOSIS BY ADMINISTRATION OF A TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR RECEPTOR-EXPRESSING ADENOVIRUS

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory pheno mena that culminate in either pathogenesis or resistance in mycobacter ial disease. The regulatory role of TNF in murine tuberculosis was exa mined by administering a recombinant adenovirus encoding a fusion prot ein consisting of the human 55-kDa TNF receptor extracellular domain a nd the mouse IgG heavy chain domain (AdTNFR). During acute infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, AdTNFR pretreatment induced elevated mycobacterial burdens of 1 log in the tissues of H37Ra-infected mice a nd 2 log(10) (spleen and liver) and 4 log(10) (lungs) in H37Rv-infecte d mice. In mice infected chronically with H37Rv, AdTNFR treatment indu ced a 3-log(10) increase of M. tuberculosis in the lungs, in which a t uberculous bronchopneumonia developed with numerous acid-fast bacilli visible in alveoli and bronchi. Administration of AdTNFR may serve as a useful model for studying the pathogenesis and chemotherapy of progr essive primary tuberculosis.