We report a case of a 74-year-old woman exhibiting the yellow nail syn
drome in association with ipsilateral xanthogranulomatous pyelonephrit
is. Nephrectomy resulted in complete resolution of the pleural effusio
n and slow improvement of the yellow nails. This report calls attentio
n to the renal-related pleural effusion, and to the thorough investiga
tion needed for the yellow nail syndrome.