INHERITANCE OF MULTIGERM CHARACTER IN SUG AR-BEET HYBRID PROGENIES WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF UNIOVULATE AND POLYOVULATE FORMS

The monogermy of beet sowing units is considered as a complex characte r, which is determined by three different mechanisms. They are: synant housness, polyovulate flowers, and polyembryony. At the embryo level, multigermy corresponds to the multicompetence of the flower bud's cell s. On the gene level, there is a system that controls both the multige rmy and the alternative character, i.e., the monogermy of sowing units . The aim of this paper is to study genetic control of the mono- or mu ltigermy in beet defined by synanthousness and polyovulate flowers. It was established that (a) The characters of synanthousness and polyovu les are controlled by two independent loci; (b) complementation of the se two loci's alleles is possible, leading to synanthous phenotypes ap pearing when parent forms are crossed with individual flowers; (c) the expression of multigermy depends on the direction of crossing (there are reciprocal differences), which evidences the cytoplasm genes' part icipation in the determination of inflorescences traits; and (d) the e xpression of synanthousness can be suppressed by inhibitory genes.