Important nutrition concepts will aid primary care/generalist physicia
ns to implement practical aspects of health promotion and disease prev
ention in their practice, and improve the overall health of their pati
ents. In today's society, chronic diseases that are related variably t
o overnutrition and dietary excesses or imbalances (obesity, diabetes
mellitus, hypertension and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, som
e cancers) warrant knowledgeable diet modifications in high-risk indiv
iduals. However, serious nutritional deficiency diseases also still oc
cur (as in alcoholic patients), and instituting appropriate diet and s
upplements will aid in preventing further morbidity and mortality. Nut
rition knowledge changes with new scientific evidence, and the physici
an must be aware of reliable sources of continuing education and infor
mation appropriate for the practitioner and the patient.