Tl. Tang et al., THE SH2-CONTAINING PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE SH-PTP2 IS REQUIRED UPSTREAM OF MAP KINASE FOR EARLY XENOPUS DEVELOPMENT, Cell, 80(3), 1995, pp. 473-483
SH-PTP2, the vertebrate homolog of Drosophila cork screw, associates w
ith several activated growth factor receptors, but its biological func
tion is unknown. We assayed the effects of injection of wild-type and
mutant SH-PTP2 RNAs on Xenopus embryogenesis. An internal phosphatase
domain deletion (Delta P) acts as a dominant negative mutant, causing
severe posterior truncations. This phenotype is rescued by SH-PTP2, bu
t not by the closely related SH-PTP1. In ectodermal explants, Delta P
blocks fibroblast growth factor (FGF)and activin-mediated induction of
mesoderm and FGF-induced mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activ
ation. Our results indicate that SH-PTP2 is required for early vertebr
ate development, acting as a positive component in FGF signaling downs
tream of the FGF receptor and upstream of MAP kinase.